Introduction:
The G-switch™ line of small G-protein tools has been developed with an emphasis on creating highly potent reagents that target endogenous Rho family proteins and pathways. In contrast to methods that rely on over-expression or knockdown of target proteins (e.g., DNA transfection of dominant-negative or constitutively-active Rho mutants, RNAi knockdown), G-switch™ reagents act rapidly on the endogenous target protein (in minutes to hours, depending on the product), t
hereby optimizing the chance of generating a more physiologically relevant response. The G-switch™ product line includes reagents that directly and indirectly modulate Rho family signal transduction, thereby offering a wide range of mechanistic tools to study these critical cellular functions. See Cytoskeleton's web site for the latest G-switch™ information.
Product Uses Include
- Rho pathway studies in tissue culture cells
- Study effects of altered Rho pathway on other connected pathways
- An active control when testing other substances
Product information
Product Description Manual
MSDS Price & Order
Rho Activator II
Cell permeable, specific for Rho, recommended for use in Rho pathway studies requiring a direct activator of Rho
CN03 Rho Inhibitor I
Cell permeable C3 transferase, specific for Rho, inhibits cellular Rho within 2-4h, recommended for use in Rho pathway studies requiring a rapid and direct inhibitor of Rho CT04 Rho/Rac/Cdc42 Activator I
Cell permeable, specific for Rho family, recommended for use in Rho pathway studies requiring a direct activator of Rho family proteins
CN04 Rho Activator I
Inhibits SHP-2 which indirectly activates Rho, recommended for use in Rho pathway studies requiring an indirect activator of Rho
CN01 Rac/Cdc42 Activator II
Binds EGF receptor and activates several pathways, including indirect activation of Rho family proteins, recommended for use in Rho pathway studies requiring an indirect activator of Rac/Cdc42
CN02 Rho Pathway Inhibitor I ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, acts downstream of Rho by inhibiting the Rho effector kinases ROCK I and ROCK II, recommended for Rho pathway studies. CN06 C3 Transferase Protein Non-cell permeable C3 transferase, this product is taken up by cells through pinocytosis over 12-24h, specific for Rho, recommended for use in Rho pathway studies requiring a direct inhibitor of Rho that acts over a longer time period than the cell permeable version of this enzyme.
CT03
Specification of Activators:
Activator
Advantage
Disadvantages
Window of activation
(Time after addition of reagent)Serum compatible
G-switch™
Rho Activator II
(Cat# CN03)Type: Direct
Class: Selective
Targets: Rho
The most robust activator for Rho available
Sustained activation of Rho GTPases for >2hr
Eliminates Ras, PI3K and PLC concomitant activation
Most suitable activator for studying specific signal transduction pathways downstream of the Rho GTPases
Cannot be used to study GAPs
C3 exoenzyme (Cat# CT04) will not inhibit CN03 activated small G-proteins
2 - 12 h, no signal after 24 h*.
YES
G-switch™
Rho/Rac/Cdc42 Activator I
(Cat# CN04)Type: Direct,
Class:Non-selective
Targets: Rho,Rac,Cdc42The most robust activator for Rac and Cdc42 available, second only to CN03 for Rho activation
Sustained activation of Rho, Rac and Cdc42 for >2hr
Eliminates Ras, PI3K and PLC concomitant activation
Excellent activator for studying signal transduction pathways downstream of Rho, Rac and Cdc42
Cannot be used to study GAPs
C3 exoenzyme (Cat# CT04) will not inhibit CN04 activated small G-proteins
Rho; 2 - 12 h, no signal after 24 h*.
Rac; 2 - 24 h, no signal after 48 h.
Cdc42; 2 - 24 h, no signal after 48 h.
YES
Rac/Cdc42 Activator
(Cat# CN02)Type: Indirect,
Class: Non-selective
Targets: Rho,Rac,Cdc42Physiological stimulus
Useful in studying pathway between cell surface and small G-proteins
Very transient activation
Ras, PI3K and PLC also activated
1 - 3 min, no signal after 5 min.
YES
Rho Activator I
(Cat# CN01)Type: Indirect
Class: Selective
Target: RhoMore sustained Rho activation than EGF (Cat# CN02)
Eliminates Ras, PI3K and PLC concomitant activation
Also inhibits calpain
Inhibition of SHP-2 may have other biological consequences
Requires DMSO vehicle
10 - 30 min, no signal after 120 min.
YES
* variable signal after 24h (1)
References
1. Boyer L, Turchi L, Desnues B, Doye A, Ponzio G, Mege JL, Yamashita M, Zhang YE, Bertoglio J, Flatau G, Boquet P, Lemichez E. CNF1-induced ubiquitylation and proteasome destruction of activated RhoA is impaired in Smurf1-/- cells. Mol Biol Cell. 2006 Jun;17(6):2489-97
More information
About Rho family activators and inhibitors
About cell and tissue preparation for Activation Assays
Related Products
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