Actin protein (pyrene labeled): rabbit skeletal muscle

Actin protein (pyrene labeled): rabbit skeletal muscle
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Product Uses Include

  • Studying actin polymerization in vitro.
  • Studying the effects of actin binding proteins and drugs on actin polymerization in vitro.

Material
Purified rabbit muscle actin (Cat. # AKL99) has been modified to contain covalently linked pyrene at the cysteine 374 residue. An N-(1-pyrene) iodoacetamide is used to label the actin protein. Pyrene labeling stoichiometry has been determined to be 0.6 dyes per actin monomer. Pyrene labeled rabbit muscle actin has an approximate molecular weight of 43 kDa, and is supplied as a white lyophilized powder. The lyophilized protein is st able for 6 months when stored desiccated to <10% humidity at 4°C. The protein should be reconstituted to 20 mg/ml with distilled water; it will then be in the following buffer: 5 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 0.2 mM CaCl2, 0.2 mM ATP, 5% sucrose, and 1% dextran.
 

Purity
Protein purity is determined by scanning densitometry of Coomassie Blue stained protein on a 4-20% gradient polyacrylamide gel. Pyrene muscle actin is >99% pure (see Figure 1).

ap05gel

Figure 1. Pyrene Muscle Actin Protein Purity Determination. A 100 µg sample of pyrene muscle actin (molecular weight approx. 43 kDa) was separated by electrophoresis in a 4-20% SDS-PAGE system, and stained with Coomassie Blue. Protein quantitation was determined with the Precision Red Protein Assay Reagent (Cat. # ADV02).

Biological Activity
The fluorescent signal of monomer pyrene actin is enhanced during its polymerization into filaments, making it an ideal tool for monitoring actin filament formation. Stringent quality control ensures that AP05 pyrene F-actin has a 7-12 fold fluorescent enhancement over non-polymerized pyrene G-actin (See Fig 2).

ap05pol

Figure 2. Fluorescence enhancement during pyrene actin polymerization. Pyrene muscle actin was polymerized in duplicate wells of a 96-well plate by the addition of Actin Polymerization Buffer (Cat. # BSA02). The fluorescent signal was scanned every 30 s for 1 h. Polymerized pyrene F-actin shows a 10 fold fluorescent enhancement over non-polymerized pyrene G-actin and buffer control.

For product Datasheets and MSDSs please click on the PDF links below.   For additional information, click on the FAQs tab above or contact our Technical Support department at tservice@cytoskeleton.com

AuthorTitleJournalYearArticle Link
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Bogucka-Janczi, Katarzyna et al.ERK3/MAPK6 dictates CDC42/RAC1 activity and ARP2/3-dependent actin polymerization.eLife2023ISSN 2050--084X
Selvaraj, Muniyandi et al.Structural basis underlying specific biochemical activities of non-muscle tropomyosin isoformsCell Reports2023
McGarry, David J. et al.MICAL1 activation by PAK1 mediates actin filament disassemblyCell Reports2022
Machida, Nanako et al.Modulating dynamics and function of nuclear actin with synthetic bicyclic peptidesJournal of biochemistry2021ISSN 1756-2651
Rodríguez-Pérez, Fernando et al.Ubiquitin-dependent remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton drives cell fusionDevelopmental Cell2021ISSN 1878-1551
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Antoku, Susumu et al.ERK1/2 Phosphorylation of FHOD Connects Signaling and Nuclear Positioning Alternations in Cardiac LaminopathyDevelopmental Cell2019ISSN 1878-1551
Schaffer, Ashleigh E. et al.Biallelic loss of human CTNNA2, encoding αN-catenin, leads to ARP2/3 complex overactivity and disordered cortical neuronal migrationNature Genetics2018ISSN 1546-1718
Almeida-Souza, Leonardo et al.A Flat BAR Protein Promotes Actin Polymerization at the Base of Clathrin-Coated PitsCell2018ISSN 1097-4172
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 Question 1:  When performing the polymerization assay using pyrene-labeled actin (Cat. # AP05), the fluorescence signal of the globular actin in G-buffer increased over time, so that the 0 value was already rather high. 

Answer 1:  After preparing actin at a concentration of 0.4 mg/ml for polymerization (from either fresh stocks or frozen aliquots), it is important to incubate the actin on ice for 1 hour to depolymerize any actin polymers that might have formed during storage.  For an even cleaner sample of G-actin, the samples can be centrifuged (100,000 x g) for 60 min to absolutely insure the removal of residual actin oligomers and nucleating centers.  After centrifugation, use the top 80% of the supernatant as your G-actin stock.  This will eliminate any changes in fluorescence signal associated with G-actin.

 

Question 2:  During my polymerization reaction, the growth phase and steady-state levels of F-actin produced are lower than what is shown in the manual.  Why?

Answer 2: One of the most common causes of reduced fluorescence intensity signal is non-optimal machine settings.  Please check that the machine’s settings are similar to these:

 Measurement type:                     Kinetic 120 cycles, 60 sec interval time

Fluorescence wavelengths:       Ex. 350 or 360 +/- 20 nm

                                                         Em. 407 or 410 +/- 10 nm or 420 +/- 20 nm

Gain:                                               100 (on a scale of 0-120, where 120 is the highest)

Reads per well:                            1

Fluorescence reading from:     Top

Also, when samples are not being measured in the fluorimeter, the excitation beam should be shuttered to prevent the beam from bleaching the pyrene fluorescence.  When measuring the fluorescence, the shutter should be opened for no longer than 7 sec every 30 sec for 1 h.

 

If you have any questions concerning this product, please contact our Technical Service department at tservice@cytoskeleton.com.