Actin protein ( >99% pure): rabbit skeletal muscle

Actin protein (>99% pure): rabbit skeletal muscle

$0.00

SKU

AKL99

Datasheet

MSDS

Amount

4x250 ug (Cat. # AKL99-A) + $217.00

2x1 mg (Cat. # AKL99-B) + $263.00

5x1 mg (Cat. # AKL99-C) + $525.00

10x1 mg (Cat. # AKL99-D) + $1,002.00

20x1 mg (Cat. # AKL99-E) + $1,735.00

Qty:

Details

Product Uses Include

Identification and characterization of muscle actin binding proteins
In vitro actin polymerization studies
Antibody standard for Western blot analysis

Material
Actin protein has been purified from rabbit skeletal muscle. AKL99 actin is greater than 99% pure and AKL95 is greater than 95% pure. Muscle actin has an approximate molecular weight of 43 kDa. Rabbit muscle actin is supplied as a white lyophilized powder. The lyophilized protein when stored desiccated to <10% humidity at 4°C is stable for 6 months. When reconstituted in distilled water to 10 mg/ml, the protein is in the following buffer: 5 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 0.2 mM CaCl2, 0.2 mM ATP, 5% sucrose, and 1% dextran.

Purity
Protein purity is determined by scanning densitometry of Coomassie Blue stained protein on a 12% polyacrylamide gel. AKL99 consists of > 99% pure muscle actin while AKL95 is > 95% pure (see Figure 1).

Click Here for Detailed Methods

Figure 1: Purities of rabbit skeletal muscle actin protein. 100 µg of > 99% pure (AKL99) and > 95% pure (AKL95) rabbit skeletal muscle actin were run on SDS-PAGE gels and stained with coomassie blue. The arrow indicates actin protein, the arrowhead an α-actinin contaminant (115 kDa). The minor impurities in the purified actins are predominantly actin binding proteins such as α-actinin and gelsolin.

Biological Activity
The biological activity of muscle actinis determined by its ability to efficiently polymerize into filaments (F-actin) in vitro and separate from unpolymerized components in a spin down assay. Stringent quality control ensures that AKL99 produces > 90% F-actin and AKL95 produces > 80% F-actin in this assay.

About

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Citations

Author	Title	Journal	Year	Article Link
Kang, Donyoung et al.	Mechanical boundary conditions for motor protein dictate geometric pattern and dynamics of actin gel contraction	Cell Reports Physical Science	2024	ISSN 2666-3864
Sakamoto, Ryota et al.	Composite branched and linear F-actin maximize myosin-induced membrane shape changes in a biomimetic cell model	Communications Biology	2024	ISSN 2399--3642
Sakamoto, R. et al.	Active tension and membrane friction mediate cortical flows and blebbing in a model actomyosin cortex	Physical Review Research	2024	ISSN 2643-1564
Liu, Junnan et al.	Impairment of α-tubulin and F-actin interactions of GJB3 induces aneuploidy in urothelial cells and promotes bladder cancer cell invasion	Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters	2024	ISSN 1689-1392
Aquino-Perez, Cecilia et al.	FAM110A promotes mitotic spindle formation by linking microtubules with actin cytoskeleton	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	2024	ISSN 1091-6490
Haciosmanoglu Aldogan, Ebru et al.	Depolymerization of actin filaments by Cucurbitacin I through binding G-actin	Food Science & Nutrition	2024	ISSN 2048--7177
Paladini, Serena et al.	Measurement and Characterization of the Electrical Properties of Actin Filaments	International Journal of Molecular Sciences	2024	ISSN 1422--0067
McCormick, Laura E. et al.	Multi-monoubiquitylation controls VASP-mediated actin dynamics	Journal of Cell Science	2024	ISSN 1477-9137
Sakamoto, Ryota et al.	F-actin architecture determines the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical work	Nature Communications	2024	ISSN 2041--1723
Chand, Abhishu et al.	CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots’ Impact on In Vitro Actin Dynamics	International Journal of Molecular Sciences	2024	ISSN 1422--0067
Morales, E. Angelo et al.	Mitotic spindle positioning protein (MISP) preferentially binds to aged F-actin	Journal of Biological Chemistry	2024	ISSN 0021--9258
Smith, Amanda J. et al.	Design and Construction of a Multi-Tiered Minimal Actin Cortex for Structural Support in Lipid Bilayer Applications	ACS Applied Bio Materials	2024	ISSN 2576-6422
Chen, Yuqi et al.	Membrane skeleton hyperstability due to a novel alternatively spliced 4.1R can account for ellipsoidal camelid red cells with decreased deformability	Journal of Biological Chemistry	2023	ISSN 1083-351X
Su, Chao et al.	Stabilization of membrane topologies by proteinaceous remorin scaffolds	Nature Communications	2023	ISSN 2041--1723
Yu, Yiming et al.	Self-assembly of CIP4 drives actin-mediated asymmetric pit-closing in clathrin-mediated endocytosis	Nature Communications	2023	ISSN 2041--1723
Dibsy, Rayane et al.	HIV-1 diverts cortical actin for particle assembly and release	Nature Communications	2023	ISSN 2041--1723
McGorty, Ryan J. et al.	Kinesin and myosin motors compete to drive rich multiphase dynamics in programmable cytoskeletal composites	PNAS Nexus	2023	ISSN 2752-6542
Boonrod, Kajohn et al.	Identification of the Actin-Binding Region and Binding to Host Plant Apple Actin of Immunodominant Transmembrane Protein of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’	International Journal of Molecular Sciences	2023	ISSN 1422-0067
Araki, Kazutaka et al.	Molecular Dynamics Mappings of the CCT/TRiC Complex-Mediated Protein Folding Cycle Using Diffracted X-ray Tracking	International Journal of Molecular Sciences	2023	ISSN 1422-0067
Shi, Bright et al.	An ensemble of cadherin-catenin-vinculin complex employs vinculin as the major F-actin binding mode	Biophysical Journal	2023	ISSN 1542-0086
Nietmann, Peter et al.	Cytosolic actin isoforms form networks with different rheological properties that indicate specific biological function	Nature Communications	2023	ISSN 2041--1723
Chen, Xiaobing et al.	Crowding alters F-actin secondary structure and hydration	Communications Biology	2023	ISSN 2399--3642
Rivera Alvarez, José et al.	The kinesin Kif21b regulates radial migration of cortical projection neurons through a non-canonical function on actin cytoskeleton	Cell reports	2023	ISSN 2211--1247
Domínguez-García, Pablo et al.	Micro-mechanical response and power-law exponents from the longitudinal fluctuations of F-actin solutions	Soft Matter	2023	ISSN 1744-6848
Martin, Annabell et al.	A general strategy to develop fluorogenic polymethine dyes for bioimaging	Nature Chemistry	2023	ISSN 1755--4349
Nakamura, Hideki et al.	ActuAtor, a Listeria-inspired molecular tool for physical manipulation of intracellular organizations through de novo actin polymerization	Cell reports	2023	ISSN 2211--1247
Henry, Conor M. et al.	SYK ubiquitination by CBL E3 ligases restrains cross-presentation of dead cell-associated antigens by type 1 dendritic cells	Cell reports	2023	ISSN 2211--1247
Ashour, Dina J. et al.	Zasp52 strengthens whole embryo tissue integrity through supracellular actomyosin networks	Development	2023	ISSN 0950--1991
Ji, Xinmiao et al.	Intermittent F-actin Perturbations by Magnetic Fields Inhibit Breast Cancer Metastasis	Research	2023	ISSN 2639-5274
Domínguez-García, Pablo et al.	Micro-mechanical response and power-law exponents from the longitudinal fluctuations of F-actin solutions	Soft Matter	2023	ISSN 1744-6848
Henty-Ridilla, Jessica L.	Visualizing Actin and Microtubule Coupling Dynamics In Vitro by Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) Microscopy	JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments)	2022	ISSN 1940--087X
Sasanpour, Mehrzad et al.	Reconstituting and Characterizing Actin-Microtubule Composites with Tunable Motor-Driven Dynamics and Mechanics	JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments)	2022	ISSN 1940--087X
Cheng, Xiaohang et al.	Reconstitution of Phase-Separated Signaling Clusters and Actin Polymerization on Supported Lipid Bilayers	Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology	2022	ISSN 2296-634X
Bashirzadeh, Yashar et al.	Encapsulated actomyosin patterns drive cell-like membrane shape changes	iScience	2022	ISSN 2589--0042
Morales, E. Angelo et al.	Mitotic Spindle Positioning (MISP) is an actin bundler that selectively stabilizes the rootlets of epithelial microvilli	Cell Reports	2022
Sheung, Janet Y. et al.	Motor-driven advection competes with crowding to drive spatiotemporally heterogeneous transport in cytoskeleton composites	Frontiers in Physics	2022	ISSN 2296-424X
Wu, Yueh-Fu O. et al.	The CLIP-170 N-terminal domain binds directly to both F-actin and microtubules in a mutually exclusive manner	Journal of Biological Chemistry	2022	ISSN 0021-9258
Arbore, C. et al.	α-catenin switches between a slip and an asymmetric catch bond with F-actin to cooperatively regulate cell junction fluidity	Nature Communications	2022	ISSN 2041-1723
Würtz, Martin et al.	Modular assembly of the principal microtubule nucleator γ-TuRC	Nature Communications	2022	ISSN 2041-1723
Rimoli, Caio Vaz et al.	4polar-STORM polarized super-resolution imaging of actin filament organization in cells	Nature Communications	2022	ISSN 2041-1723
Lin, Lin et al.	Phase separation-mediated condensation of Whirlin-Myo15-Eps8 stereocilia tip complex	Cell Reports	2021	ISSN 2211-1247
Giampazolias, Evangelos et al.	Secreted gelsolin inhibits DNGR-1-dependent cross-presentation and cancer immunity	Cell	2021	ISSN 1097-4172
Hsiao, Bo Yuan et al.	Human costars family protein abracl modulates actin dynamics and cell migration and associates with tumorigenic growth	International Journal of Molecular Sciences	2021	ISSN 1422-0067
Lee, Gloria et al.	Myosin-driven actin-microtubule networks exhibit self-organized contractile dynamics	Science Advances	2021	ISSN 2375-2548
Peris-Moreno, Dulce et al.	Ube2l3, a partner of murf1/trim63, is involved in the degradation of myofibrillar actin and myosin	Cells	2021	ISSN 2073-4409
Colombo, Jessica et al.	A functional family of fluorescent nucleotide analogues to investigate actin dynamics and energetics	Nature Communications	2021	ISSN 2041-1723
Iv, Francois et al.	Insights into animal septins using recombinant human septin octamers with distinct SEPT9 isoforms	Journal of cell science	2021	ISSN 1477-9137
Ricketts, Shea N. et al.	Triggering Cation-Induced Contraction of Cytoskeleton Networks via Microfluidics	Frontiers in Physics	2020	ISSN 2296-424X
Lin, Shan Shan et al.	Dynamin-2 Regulates Postsynaptic Cytoskeleton Organization and Neuromuscular Junction Development	Cell Reports	2020	ISSN 2211-1247
Cheng, Yu Shu et al.	The load dependence and the force-velocity relation in intact myosin filaments from skeletal and smooth muscles	American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology	2020	ISSN 1522-1563
Kumar, Ashok et al.	Actin R256 Mono-methylation Is a Conserved Post-translational Modification Involved in Transcription	Cell Reports	2020	ISSN 2211-1247
Sonal et al.	Myosin-II activity generates a dynamic steady state with continuous actin turnover in a minimal actin cortex	Journal of Cell Science	2019	ISSN 1477-9137
Francis, Madison L. et al.	Non-monotonic dependence of stiffness on actin crosslinking in cytoskeleton composites	Soft Matter	2019	ISSN 1744-6848
Stavusis, Janis et al.	Novel mutations in MYBPC1 are associated with myogenic tremor and mild myopathy	Annals of Neurology	2019	ISSN 1531-8249
Shashi, Vandana et al.	Heterozygous variants in MYBPC1 are associated with an expanded neuromuscular phenotype beyond arthrogryposis	Human Mutation	2019	ISSN 1098-1004
Gardini, Lucia et al.	A protocol for single molecule imaging and tracking of processive myosin motors	MethodsX	2019	ISSN 2215-0161
Piroli, Gerardo G. et al.	Identification of novel protein targets of DMF modification in neurons and astrocytes reveals actions independent of Nrf2 stabilization	Molecular and Cellular Proteomics	2019	ISSN 1535-9484
Anderson, Sylas J. et al.	Filament Rigidity Vies with Mesh Size in Determining Anomalous Diffusion in Cytoskeleton	Biomacromolecules	2019	ISSN 1526-4602
Li, Zhiwei et al.	Homer Tetramer Promotes Actin Bundling Activity of Drebrin	Structure	2019	ISSN 1878-4186
Liang, Xiaoling et al.	Transgelin 2 is required for embryo implantation by promoting actin polymerization	FASEB Journal	2019	ISSN 1530-6860
Balta, Emre et al.	Spatial oxidation of L-plastin downmodulates actin-based functions of tumor cells	Nature Communications	2019	ISSN 2041-1723
Laitila, Jenni et al.	A nebulin super-repeat panel reveals stronger actin binding toward the ends of the super-repeat region	Muscle and Nerve	2019	ISSN 1097-4598
Kommaddi, Reddy Peera et al.	Aβ mediates F-actin disassembly in dendritic spines leading to cognitive deficits in alzheimer’s disease	Journal of Neuroscience	2018	ISSN 1529-2401
Zeng, Menglong et al.	Reconstituted Postsynaptic Density as a Molecular Platform for Understanding Synapse Formation and Plasticity	Cell	2018	ISSN 1097-4172
Papadaki, Maria et al.	Diabetes with heart failure increases methylglyoxal modifications in the sarcomere, which inhibit function	JCI insight	2018	ISSN 2379-3708
Ricketts, Shea N. et al.	Co-Entangled Actin-Microtubule Composites Exhibit Tunable Stiffness and Power-Law Stress Relaxation	Biophysical Journal	2018	ISSN 1542-0086
Ahmed, Zubair M. et al.	Inframe deletion of human ESPN is associated with deafness, vestibulopathy and vision impairment	Journal of Medical Genetics	2018	ISSN 1468-6244
Weise-Cross, Laura et al.	Actin polymerization contributes to enhanced pulmonary vasoconstrictor reactivity after chronic hypoxia	American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology	2018	ISSN 1522-1539
Heier, Jonathon A. et al.	Measuring protein binding to F-actin by co-sedimentation	Journal of Visualized Experiments	2017	ISSN 1940-087X
Ordija, Christine M. et al.	Free actin impairs macrophage bacterial defenses via scavenger receptor MARCO interaction with reversal by plasma gelsolin	American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology	2017	ISSN 1522-1504
Kubiniok, Peter et al.	Time-resolved phosphoproteome analysis of paradoxical RAF activation reveals novel targets of ERK	Molecular and Cellular Proteomics	2017	ISSN 1535-9484
Goryunov, D et al.	Microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1: domains, interaction partners, and tissue-specific functions	Methods in Enzymology	2016	Article Link
Belyy, Alexander et al.	Actin activates Pseudomonas aeruginosa ExoY nucleotidyl cyclase toxin and ExoY-like effector domains from MARTX toxins	Nature Communications	2016	ISSN 2041-1723
Zheng, Lili et al.	Correction to Characterization and regulation of an additional actin-filamentbinding site in large isoforms of the stereocilia actin-bundling protein espin [Journal of Cell Science (2015), 127, 1306-1317]	Journal of Cell Science	2015	ISSN 1477-9137
Walrant, Astrid et al.	Triggering actin polymerization in xenopus egg extracts from phosphoinositide-containing lipid bilayers	Methods in Cell Biology	2015	ISSN 0091-679X
Chan, Eddie et al.	The acetylenic tricyclic bis(cyano enone), TBE-31 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell migration through direct binding with actin	Cancer Prevention Research	2014	ISSN 1940-6215
Luo, Shen et al.	Taurine chloramine-induced inactivation of cofilin protein through methionine oxidation	Free Radical Biology and Medicine	2014	ISSN 1873-4596
Maiden, Stephanie L. et al.	Specific conserved C-terminal amino acids of caenorhabditis elegans HMP-1/α-catenin modulate f-actin binding independently of vinculin	Journal of Biological Chemistry	2013	ISSN 0021-9258
Butler, Suzanne C. et al.	Inhibitory effects of pectenotoxins from marine algae on the polymerization of various actin isoforms	Toxicology in Vitro	2012	ISSN 0887-2333
Jensen, Mikkel Herholdt et al.	Effects of basic calponin on the flexural mechanics and stability of F-actin	Cytoskeleton	2012	ISSN 1949--3592
Windhorst, Sabine et al.	Functional role of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-3-kinase-A for motility of malignant transformed cells	International Journal of Cancer	2011	ISSN 1097--0215
Zucchini, Daniela et al.	Kinetic and spectroscopic characterization of the putative monooxygenase domain of human MICAL-1	Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics	2011	ISSN 0003-9861
Zhang, Tong et al.	Growth-Arrest-Specific protein 2 inhibits cell division in xenopus embryos	PLoS ONE	2011	ISSN 1932-6203
Choi, Chang Hoon et al.	Expression of Actin-interacting Protein 1 Suppresses Impaired Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Cells Lacking the Na+-H+ Exchanger NHE1	Molecular Biology of the Cell	2010	ISSN 1059-1524
Romagnoli, Silvia et al.	Cytosolic proteins from tobacco pollen tubes that crosslink microtubules and actin filaments in vitro are metabolic enzymes	Cytoskeleton	2010	ISSN 1949-3584
Del Duca, Stefano et al.	Effects of post-translational modifications catalysed by pollen transglutaminase on the functional properties of microtubulesand actin filaments	Biochemical Journal	2009	ISSN 1470-8728
Sawyer, Gregory M. et al.	Disease-associated Substitutions in the Filamin B Actin Binding Domain Confer Enhanced Actin Binding Affinity in the Absence of Major Structural Disturbance: Insights from the Crystal Structures of Filamin B Actin Binding Domains	Journal of Molecular Biology	2009	ISSN 0022-2836
Norman, Holly et al.	Myofibrillar protein and gene expression in acute quadriplegic myopathy	Journal of the Neurological Sciences	2009	ISSN 0022-510X
Chellaiah, Meenakshi A. et al.	Phosphorylation of a Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome protein-associated signal complex is critical in osteoclast bone resorption	Journal of Biological Chemistry	2007	ISSN 0021-9258
Allingham, John S. et al.	A Structural Basis for Regulation of Actin Polymerization by Pectenotoxins	Journal of Molecular Biology	2007	ISSN 0022-2836
Arora, Pamela D. et al.	Gelsolin Mediates Collagen Phagocytosis through a Rac-dependent Step	Molecular Biology of the Cell	2004	ISSN 1059-1524
Ishikawa, Takashi et al.	Subdomain organization of the Acanthamoeba myosin IC tail from cryo-electron microscopy	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America	2004	ISSN 0027-8424
Goryunov, Dmitry et al.	Studying cytolinker proteins	Methods in Cell Biology	2004	ISSN 0091-679X
Upadhyaya, Arpita et al.	Probing polymerization forces by using actin-propelled lipid vesicles	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America	2003	ISSN 0027-8424
Loomis, Patricia A. et al.	Espin cross-links cause the elongation of microvillus-type parallel actin bundles in vivo		2003	PMID 14657236
Balcer, Heath I. et al.	Coordinated Regulation of Actin Filament Turnover by a High-Molecular-Weight Srv2/CAP Complex, Cofilin, Profilin, and Aip1		2003	PMID 14680631
Humphries, Christine L. et al.	Direct regulation of Arp2/3 complex activity and function by the actin binding protein coronin		2002	ISSN 0021--9525
Sagot, Isabelle et al.	An actin nucleation mechanism mediated by Bni1 and Profilin	Nature Cell Biology 2002 4:8	2002	ISSN 1476--4679
Engqvist-Goldstein, Åsa E.Y. et al.	The actin-binding protein Hip1R associates with clathrin during early stages of endocytosis and promotes clathrin assembly in vitro	Journal of Cell Biology	2001	ISSN 0021-9525
McGhie, E. J. et al.	Cooperation between actin-binding proteins of invasive Salmonella: SipA potentiates SipC nucleation and bundling of actin	The EMBO Journal	2001	ISSN 1460--2075

Faqs

Question 1: What is the best way to store actin proteins to insure maximum stability and shelf-life?

Answer 1: Cytoskeleton provides all of our actin proteins as lyophilized powders so that they can be shipped at room temperature. Upon receipt, the lyophilized powders should be stored at 4°C in a sealed container with desiccant. It is important to monitor the freshness of the desiccant and insure that it continues to absorb moisture to protect the lyophilized actins. With proper storage, the lyophilized actins are guaranteed to be stable for 6 months from the date of purchase. Alternatively, actins can be immediately resuspended at the concentration recommended, aliquoted, snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -70°C. The frozen aliquots will be stable for 6 months. When thawing frozen aliquots, it is important to thaw in a room temperature water bath.

Question 2: What is the best way to store F-actin after polymerizing?

Answer 2: G-actin is stable for two days at 4°C and requires a divalent cation, pH 6.5 - 8.0 and ATP for stability. F-actin is stable and can be stored at 4°C for 1-2 weeks. F-actin requires ATP (0.2 mM) and Mg2+ (2 mM) for stability and is unstable below pH 6.5 and above pH 8.5. F-actin is not stable to freezing. F-actin can be transferred to a variety of buffers (e.g. HEPES, phosphate, etc) without detrimental effects. We recommend the addition of antibacterial agents such as 100 μg/ml ampicillin and 10 μg/ml chloramphenicol when storing F-actin at 4°C.

If you have any questions concerning this product, please contact our Technical Service department at tservice@cytoskeleton.com.